As an endodontist who is constantly treating the aftereffects of dental decay, I was very interested to read about a new way to prevent oral disease.
Researchers in Australia are investigating the possibility of intentionally introducing certain bacteria into the mouth to improve a patient’s oral health. Termed an ‘oral microbiome transplant,’ the research has involved extracting plaque bacteria from someone with a naturally healthy oral microbiome and transferring it to a dentally unhealthy patient.
Early testing has been positive, with preliminary trials showing that the transplant can successfully reduce decay. Importantly, there have also been no adverse side effects in other areas of the body, including the gut. If proven safe, effective and cost-efficient, this research could prove pivotal in our fight against dental decay worldwide.
As part of the study, which is being performed by the University of Adelaide in collaboration with Penn State University, professionals are developing a way to screen patients and identify healthy oral microbiomes. This will help select potentially suitable donors and also provide insight into what exactly constitutes a healthy oral microbiome free from decay. Their work so far has suggested that around 250 species of bacteria are needed to prevent tooth decay, of which they are building a ‘biobank’ for future research.
Currently, one in three adults in the UK are estimated to experience dental decay. That equates to approximately 3.1m people over the age of 18. If successful, this research could lead to a specially designed toothpaste or gel that we as dental practitioners can use to help high-risk patients minimise their risk of caries, transforming the heath of thousands of people. Such a solution would also perfectly complement and support the delivery of preventative, patient-centric and minimally invasive dentistry.
Of course, it will likely take some time to refine the formula and create a viable product for the dental profession to add to its arsenal. However, it does demonstrate just how creative and innovative dentistry is becoming in order to tackle the rising challenges of dental health in the modern world. Dental decay is one of the biggest problems we face. Could an oral microbiome transplant be the answer?