Children’s tooth decay preventable with low-cost, easy treatment

The study, funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and led by Cardiff University, is published today in the Journal of Dental Research.

Dental caries is amongst the most common diseases to affect humankind. Thirty-five percent of the global population – 2.4bn people – have untreated caries in their permanent teeth. The first adult molars which erupt at age six are particularly vulnerable to decay. Tooth decay is caused by a build-up of plaque. Diet is a major factor in the growth of plaque, with sugary foods and drinks being the main contributors. Rates of decay are often higher in children who live in disadvantaged communities.

Decay on first adult molars can be prevented by two different treatments: fissure sealants and fluoride varnish. Fissure sealants are plastic coatings applied to teeth to stop food and bacteria from becoming stuck, these last for several years. Alternatively, fluoride varnish can be applied to teeth twice a year to give added protection.